Excerpts from The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information, Eleventh Edition by Various, Nick Podehl, C.J. Critt, Kaleo Griffith, Katherine Kellgren, Kevin Pariseau, Tom Stechschulte, Sebastian York, Cassandra Campbell, Victor Bevine, Eric Michael Summerer, Sophie Eastlake, Thérèse Plummer, Zachary Webber, Peter Ganim, Luke Daniels, Eric G. Dove, Scott Brick, Gregory Salinas, John Lee, Salinas